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¡¡¡¡Official Name: The United Mexican States.
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¡¡¡¡National Flag: The national flag (proportions 7 by 4) has three equal vertical stripes from hoist to fly, of green, white and red, with the state emblem (abrown eagle, holding a snake in its beak, on a green cactus, with a wreath of oak and laurel beneath) in the centre of the white strip.
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¡¡¡¡State Emblem: The state emblem abrown eagle, holding a snake in its beak, on a green cactus, with a wreath of oak and laurel beneath.
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¡¡¡¡Constitution: The present Constitution, Mexico's third, was proclaimed in 1917 and has remained in force since then, although it has been amended several times. Within the central government, powers are divided among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, with executive powers exceeding those of the other branches. The Constitution also contains a number of social and economic provisions reflecting the outcome of the Mexican social revolution- including limits on the power of the church and national ownership of the petroleum industry- as well as extensive civil rights. The Constitution also mandates free education, which is the shared responsibility of the federal, state, and municipal governments.
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¡¡¡¡Location: Mexico is located in southern North America, bordered on the north by the United States and on the south by Guatemala and Belize. The Pacific Ocean lies to the west, and the Gulf of Mexico to the east and north.
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¡¡¡¡Area: 1,967,183 sq. km.
¡¡¡¡land use- 13.0% cropland; 39.0% permanent pasture; 21.5% forests and woodland; 26.5% other; arable land per capita- 0.7 acre; coastline- 9,329 km.; land borders- 4,537 km.
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¡¡¡¡Population: 98,881,000 (1997);
¡¡¡¡density- 50.5 inhabs. per sq. km. (2000); urban pop.- 75.3%; growth rate per year- 1.4% (2000); avg. life expectancy- 73.4 years (2000).
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¡¡¡¡Capital: Mexico City (Ciudad de Mexico); Population: 16.4 m. (1996).
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¡¡¡¡Time: 6 hours later than GMT; 14 hours later than Beijing Time.
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¡¡¡¡Language: Spanish is the dominant language, 8% of the people speak indigenous Indian languages.
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¡¡¡¡Ethnic Composition: Mestizo- 60%, American Indian- 30%, Caucasian- 9%, other- 1%.
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¡¡¡¡Religion: Roman Catholic- 92.6%, Protestan- 3.3%, other- 4.1%.
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¡¡¡¡Currency: 1 New Mexican peso (Mex $) = 100 centavos; 1 U.S. dollars= 9.312 Mexican pesos (Mar. 2000)
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¡¡¡¡Holidays (2001): Jan. 1 (New Year's Day), Feb. 5 (Constitution Day), Mar. 21 (Brithday of Benito Juarez), Apr. 13-16 (Easter), May 1 (Labour Day), May 5 (Anniversary of the Battle of Puebla), Sep. 16 (Independence Day), Oct. 12 (Discovery of America), Nov. 1 (All Saints' Day), Nov. 2 (All Souls' Day), Nov. 20 (Anniversary of the Revolution), Dec. 12 (Day of Our Lady of Guadalupe), Dec. 25 (Christmas).
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¡¡¡¡Administrative Districts: 1 Federal District and 31 States.
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¡¡¡¡Federal District: Mexico City (including serveral neighbouring small towns and villages).
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¡¡¡¡°¢¹Ï˹¿¨Á¬ÌØË¹£¨°¢¹Ï˹¿¨Á¬ÌØË¹£©Aguascalientes (Aguascalientes),
¡¡¡¡Ï¼ÓÀû¸£ÄáÑÇ£¨Ä«Î÷¿¨Àû£©Baja California (Mexicali),
¡¡¡¡ÄÏϼÓÀû¸£ÄáÑÇ£¨À°Í˹£©Baja California Sur (La Paz),
¡¡¡¡¿²ÅåÇУ¨¿²ÅåÇУ©Campeche (Campeche),
¡¡¡¡Ç¡ÅÁ˹£¨Í¼Ë¹ÌØÀ£¹ÅÌúÀ×˹£©Chiapas (Tuxtla Gutierrez),
¡¡¡¡ÆæÍßÍߣ¨ÆæÍßÍߣ©Chihuahua (Chihuahua),
¡¡¡¡¿Æ°¢Î¤À£¨Èø¶ûµÙÂÔ£©Coahuila (Saltillo),
¡¡¡¡¿ÆÀûÂí£¨¿ÆÀûÂí£©Colima (Colima),
¡¡¡¡¶ÅÀ¼¸ê£¨¶ÅÀ¼¸ê£©Durango (Durango),
¡¡¡¡¹ÏÄÉ»ªÍУ¨¹ÏÄÉ»ªÍУ©Guanajuato (Guanajuato),
¡¡¡¡¸ñÀ×ÂÞ£¨Ææ¶ûÅËÐÁ¸ê£©Guerero (Chilpancingo),
¡¡¡¡ÒÁ´ï¶û¸ê£¨ÅÁÇ𿨣©Hidalgo (Pachuca),
¡¡¡¡¹þÀû˹¿Æ£¨¹Ï´ïÀ¹þÀ£©Jalisco (Guadalajara),
¡¡¡¡Ä«Î÷¸ç£¨ÍЬ¿¨£©Mexico (Toluca),
¡¡¡¡Ã×È´¿Ï£¨ÄªÀ×ÀûÑÇ£©Michoacan (Morelia),
¡¡¡¡ÄªÀ×Âå˹£¨¿ü¶ûÄÉÍß¿¨£©Morelos (Cuernavaca),
¡¡¡¡ÄÉÑÇÀïÌØ£¨ÌØÆ¤¿Ë£©Nayarit (Tepic),
¡¡¡¡ÐÂÀ³°º£¨ÃÉÌØÀ×£©Nuevo Leon (Monterrey),
¡¡¡¡Íß¹þ¿¨£¨Íß¹þ¿¨£©Oaxaca (Oaxaca),
¡¡¡¡ÆÕ°£²¼À£¨ÆÕ°£²¼À£©Puebla (Puebla),
¡¡¡¡¿ËÀ×ËþÂÞ£¨¿ËÀ×ËþÂÞ£©Queretaro (Queretaro),
¡¡¡¡½ðËþÄÉÂް£¨ÇÐͼÂí¶û£©Quintana Roo (Chetumal),
¡¡¡¡Ê¥Â·Ò×˹²¨ÍÐÎ÷£¨Ê¥Â·Ò×˹²¨ÍÐÎ÷£©San Luis Potosi (San Luis Potosi),
¡¡¡¡ÎýÄÇÂÞÑÇ£¨¿âÀû°¢¿²£©Sinaloa (Culiacan),
¡¡¡¡Ë÷ŵÀ£¨°£ÄªÎ÷Ô¼£©Sonora (Hermosillo),
¡¡¡¡Ëþ°Í˹¿Æ£¨±ÈÑǰ£¶ûÄªÈø£©Tabasco (Villahermosa),
¡¡¡¡ËþëÀûÅÁ˹£¨Î¬¶àÀûÑdzǣ©Tamaulipas (Ciudad Victoria),
¡¡¡¡ÌØÀ˹¿¨À£¨ÌØÀ˹¿¨À£©Tlaxcala (Tlaxcala),
¡¡¡¡Î¤À¿Ë³˹£¨¹þÀÅÁ£©Veracruz (Jalapa),
¡¡¡¡ÓÈ¿¨Ì¹£¨Ã·Àï´ï£©Yucatan (Merida),
¡¡¡¡Èø¿¨ÌØ¿¨Ë¹£¨Èø¿¨ÌØ¿¨Ë¹£©Zacatecas (Zacatecas).
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¡¡¡¡Major Cities: Mexico City, Guadalajara, Monterrey, Puebla, Ciudad Juarez, Leon, Tijuana, Acapulco de Juarez, Chihuahua.
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